Part B

Directions :

Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subheading from the list A-G for each of the numbered paragraphs (41-45). There are two extra subheadings which you do not need to use. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)


Five ways to make conversation with anyone

Conversations are links, which means when you have a conversation with a new person a link gets formed and every conversation you have after that moment will strengthen the link.

You meet new people every day: the grocery worker, the cab driver, new people at work or the security guard at the door. Simply starting a conversation with them will form a link.

Here are five simple ways that you can make the first move and start a conversation with strangers.

(41) AJust say it

Suppose you are in a room with someone you don't know and something within you saysI want to talk with this person”——this is something that mostly happens with all of us. You wanted to say something——the first word——but it just won't come out, it feels like it is stuck somewhere. I know the feeling and here is my advice: just get it out.

Just think: what is the worst that could happen? They won't talk with you? Well, they are not talking with you now!

I truly believe that once you get that first word out everything else will just flow. So keep it simple: “Hi”, “HeyorHello”——do the best you can to gather all of the enthusiasm and energy you can, put on a big smile and sayHi”.

(42) CSkip the small talk

It's a problem all of us face, you have limited time with the person that you want to talk with and you want to make this talk memorable.

Honestly, if we got stuck in the rut ofhi”, “ hello”, “how are you?” andwhat's going on?”, you will fail to give the initial jolt to the conversation that can make it so memorable.

So don't be afraid to ask more personal questions. Trust me, you'll be surprised to see how much people are willing to share if you just ask.

(43) EFind theme toos

When you meet a person for the first time, make an effort to find the things which you and that person have in common so that you can build the conversation from that point. When you start conversation from there and then move outwards, you'll find all of a sudden that the conversation becomes a lot easier.

(44) BBe present

Imagine you are pouring your heart out to someone and they are just busy on their phone, and if you ask for their attention you get the responseI can multitask”.

So when someone tries to communicate with you, just be in that communication wholeheartedly. Make eye contact. Trust me, eye contact is where all the magic happens. When you make eye contact, you can feel the conversation.

(45) FName, places, things

You all came into a conversation where you first met the person, but after some time you may have met again and have forgotten their name. Isn't that awkward!

So, remember the little details of the people you met or you talked with; perhaps the places they have been to, the places they want to go, the things they like, the things they hate——whatever you talk about.

When you remember such things you can automatically become investor in their wellbeing. So they feel a responsibility to you to keep that relationship going.

That's it. Five amazing ways that you can make conversation with almost anyone. Every person is a really good book to read, or to have a conversation with!


【总体分析】:

来源:Lifehack 网站 2017.11.02。主题:如何与陌生人交谈。脉络:首段提出全文论述主题“5种与人交流的办法”——中间十三段具体阐释5种办法——末段总结收篇,鼓励主动与人交流。

  1. 【A】

    Just say it

    解析

    第四至六段指出,想和陌生人交谈又怯于开口时,应勇敢地开口,一旦开口,自然而然就能与对方开始交谈,具体做法是用简短的话语主动打招呼。【A】“请说出来”与段群主旨相符,标题主题词 say与段群关键词 say、come out、get out复现或近义替换。

  2. 【C】

    Skip the small talk

    解析

    第七至九段指出,人们普遍会面临一个问题,即“在有限的交谈时间里一味客套寒暄,导致对话难以深入、从而无法留下深刻印象”,对此,人们应该询问更加私人的问题。【C】“略过闲谈”契合段群主旨。

  3. 【E】

    Find theme toos

    解析

    第十段指出,初次见面应努力找出两人的共同点,由此出发可顺利展开对话。【E】“找到共同点”与本段主旨一致, the“me too”s同义替换首句 the things which you and that person have in common.

  4. 【B】

    Be present

    解析

    第十一、十二段指出,“已所不欲,勿施于人”,我们既然不愿被忽视,就应该避免忽视别人,全心全意投入对话,与对方进行眼神交流。【B】“身/心处现场”与段群主旨一致,Be present 与第十二段①句 be in that communication wholeheartedly 近义。

  5. 【F】

    Name, places, things

    解析

    第十三、十四段指出,我们常会遇到“忘记对方名字”的尴尬情形,针对性地,我们应该记住对方的细节信息,包括姓名,他们去过或想去的地方,喜欢或讨厌的东西等。【F】“名字,地点,事物”概括了段群列举的三种具体细节,契合段群主旨。

【全文翻译】:

五招教你与任何人交流

交谈即联系,指的就是,每当你和一个新的人交谈时,就会形成一条联系,此后你们的每一次交谈都会强化这条联系。

你每天都会遇到新的人:杂货店员、出租车司机、工作中接触到的人或门口的保安。只要和他们开启一次交谈,就能形成一条联系。

以下是五种简单的方法,借此你可以迈出第一步,和陌生人开启交谈。

41.【A】请说出来

假设你正和某个陌生人同处一室,你心里有个声音说“我想和这个人交谈”——这在我们所有人身上大概都会发生。你想说点什么——第一句话--但总是说不出口,感觉就像卡在什么地方。我明白这种感受,以下是我的建议:就说出口吧。

想想看:最坏的可能是什么?他们不和你交谈?唔,他们现在(也)没和你交谈啊!

我坚信,一旦你将第一句话说出口,其余的将会顺畅而行。因此,要让第一句话简短:“嗨”,“嘿”或者“你好”——尽你所能汇集所有的热情和能量,露出大大的微笑,然后说“嗨”。

42.【C】略过闲谈

这是一个我们所有人都会面临的困难:和那个想要交谈的人的时间有限,而你想让这次谈话留下深刻印象。

说真的,如果我们一直陷在“嗨”“你好”“你好吗?”“最近怎么样?”这种单调的对话里,你就无法为这次谈话带来最初始的震撼,从而让它留下非常深刻的印象。

所以,别害怕打听一些更私人的问题。相信我,只要你打听,就会惊讶地发现人们有多愿意分享。

43.【E】找到共同点

初次遇见某人时,努力寻找你和这个人的共同之处,以便借此搭建起整场交谈。如果从那里开启,然后再向外延伸,你会突然发现交谈变得容易得多了。

44.【B】身/心处现场

想象一下,你正对某人倾诉衷肠,而他们只是忙着摆弄手机,如果要求他们耐心听你倾诉,你会得到“我可以一心多用”这样的回应。

所以,当别人试图和你交流时,请全心全意投入。进行眼神交流。相信我,眼神交流是所有奇迹发生的地方。当你进行眼神交流时,这次交流就能给你留下印象。

45.【F】名字,地点,事物

你们都遇到过这样一种交谈吧:和某人初次见面,但过段时间后可能又见到他们,却又忘记了他们的名字。这得多尴尬!所以,记住你遇见过或与之交谈过的人身上的小细节吧;或许是他们去过的地方,他们想去的地方,他们喜欢的事物,他们讨厌的事物——任何你们谈到的东西都可以。

当你记住这些事情的时候,你就自然而然成为他们幸福的投资者。他们就会感觉对你负有维持这一关系的责任。

好了。这就是能让你和几乎任何人交谈的5种绝妙方式。每个人都是一本真正的好书,值得阅读或与之交谈!

干扰项翻译

【D】寻求意见

【G】致以特别的赞美