Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subheading from the list A-G for each numbered paragraph (41-45). There are two extra subheadings which you do not need to use. Mark your answers on the ANSWERSHEET.(10 points)
Part B
Directions :
How to Get Active Again
Getting back into exercise after a break can be a challenge in the best of times, but with gyms and in-person exercise classes off-limits to many people these days, it can be tricky to know where to start. And it's important to get the right dose of activity. “Too much too soon either results in injury or burnout," says Mary Yoke, PhD, a faculty member in the kinesiology department at Indiana University in Bloomington. The following simple strategies will help you return to exercise safely after a break.
(41) 【C】Start low, go slow.
Don't try to go back to what you were doing before your break. If you were walking 3 miles a day, playing 18 holes of golf three times a week, or lifting 10-pound dumbbells for three sets of 10 reps, reduce activity to half a mile every other day, or nine holes of golf once a week with short walks on other days, or use 5-pound dumbbells for one set of 10 reps. Increase time, distance, and intensity gradually. “This isn't something you can do overnight," says Keri L. Denay, MD, lead author of a recent American College of Sports Medicine advisory that encourages Americans to not overlook the benefits of activity during the pandemic. But you'll reap benefits such as less anxiety and improve sleep right away.
(42) 【E】Listen to your body.
If you're breathing too hard to talk in complete sentences, back off. If you feel good, go a little longer or faster, Feeling wiped out after a session? Go easier next time. And stay alert to serious symptoms, such as chest pain or pressure, severe shortness of breath or dizziness, or faintness, and seek medical attention immediately.
(43) 【A】Make it a habit.
Consistency is the key to getting stronger and building endurance and stamina. Ten minutes of activity per day is a good start, says Marcus Jackovitz, DPT, a physical therapist at the University of Miami Hospital. All the experts we spoke with highly recommend walking because it's the easiest, most accessible form of exercise. Although it can be a workout on its own, if your goal is to get back to Zumba classes, tennis, cycling, or any other activity, walking is also a great first step.
(44) 【F】Go through the motions.
Even if you can't yet do a favorite activity, you can practice the moves. With or without a club or racket, swing like you're hitting the ball. Paddle like you're in a kayak or canoe. Mimic your favorite swimming strokes. The action will remind you of the joy the activity brought you and prime your muscles for when you can get out there again.
(45) 【B】Don't go it alone.
Exercising with others “ can keep you accountable and make it more fun, so you're more likely to do it again," Jackovitz says. You can do activities such as golf and tennis or take a walk with others and still be socially distant. But when you can't connect in person, consider using technology. Chat on the phone with a friend while you walk around your neighborhood. FaceTime with a relative as you strength train or stretch at home. You can also join a live stream or on-demand exercise class.
【总体分析】:
来源:Consumer Reports《消费者报告》2020.12.27。文章主要介绍如何在中断锻炼后安全有效地恢复运动,并分条提出建议及注意事项。
- 【C】
Start low, go slow.
解析
第二段先指出不要试图恢复中断之前的运动水平,随后列举具体的运动案例,明确如何减少运动量,并总结指出应循序渐进地增加运动强度、时间和距离,C项“低起步,慢慢来”与该段主旨相符。
- 【E】
Listen to your body.
解析
第三段围绕运动者的身体反应提出建议:如果喘得太厉害,就停下来;如果没有不良反应,就可以多运动一会儿:并且警惕一些严重的症状,如果不适的症状过于明显,那么需要立即寻求治疗。可见,第三段建议运动者时刻关注自己的身体状况,运动时要根据身体的不同反应来调整运动量,E项“听从你的身体”准确概括该段主旨。
- 【A】
Make it a habit.
解析
第四段首先点明坚持不懈是增强体力,耐力和毅力的关键因素,随后提出具体可行的建议“每天步行十分钟”并说明原因。由此可见,第四段强调运动的关键不在于时长和强度,而在于每天的坚持,也就是说要将运动变成每天的习惯,A项契合本段段意。
- 【F】
Go through the motions.
解析
第五段首句先引出中心话题“练习动作”,随后以击球、划船、游泳等运动为例,具体解释如何在不具备相关器械或运动条件的情况下练习动作,末句指出练习动作的益处。F项“练习动作”准确概括本段段意。
- 【B】
Don't go it alone.
解析
第六段首先指出与他人一起锻炼有益处:让人约束自己,增加运动的乐趣,从而促使运动者再次运动。随后探讨了疫情背景下的两种选择:选择高尔夫、网球、步行等可保持社交距离的运动;充分利用网络技术,在独自运动时与家人朋友交流,或是参与线上课程与他人一起实时锻炼。B项“不要单独行动”是对这些建议的准确概括。
【全文翻译】:
即使在景况最好的时候,在中断后恢复锻炼可能也是个挑战,如今,许多人不能去健身房,无法参加面授训练课,更是连从哪儿开始都难以知晓。而且适量活动也很重要。“运动过多过快会导致身体受伤或过度劳累。”印第安纳大学布卢明顿分校运动机能学系教师玛丽·约克博士说道。下面这些简单的策略将帮助你在中断之后安全地恢复锻炼。
41.【C】低起步,慢慢来
不要试图恢复到中断之前的运动水平。如果你以前每天步行三英里,每周打三次十八洞高尔夫,或完成三组十次十磅哑铃提举,那么就把活动量减少到隔天步行半英里,或每周打一次九洞高尔夫,其余六天短途步行,或完成一组十次五磅哑铃训练。逐渐增加运动的时间、距离和强度。“这不是一件一蹴而就的事情。”美国运动医学会近期一份报告的第一作者、医学博士克里·1德纳指出。该报告劝告美国民众在大流行期间不要忽视运动的好处。但你将获得减轻焦虑等益处,且会即刻改善睡眠。
42.【E】听从你的身体
如果你喘得太厉害,甚至都不能说出一句完整的话,那就放慢速度,停下来吧。如果你感觉不错,那就把运动时间加长一点儿或者速度加快一点儿。一节运动下来会感到疲惫不堪?下次悠着点儿。警惕一些严重症状,如胸痛或胸闷、严重气短或头晕、近乎昏厥等,并立即寻求治疗。
43.【A】让它成为一种习惯
坚持不懈是增强体力、耐力和毅力的关键。迈阿密大学附属医院的物理治疗师、物理治疗博士马库斯·杰科维茨说,每天活动十分钟是一个良好的开始。我们采访的所有专家都强烈推荐步行,因为它是最简单易行的运动形式。虽然它可以作为一种独立的锻炼方法,但如果你的目标是恢复尊巴课程、打网球、骑自行车或任何其他活动,步行也是很棒的第一步。
44.【F】练习动作
尽管你还不能做自己最喜欢的运动,但你可以练习它的动作。无论是否有球杆或球拍,(你)都要像在击球一样挥动(你的胳膊)。像在皮艇或划艇上一样挥动浆。模仿你最喜欢的游泳姿势。这种动作会让你想起这项活动带给你的快乐,并且让你的肌肉为恢复运动之时做好准备。
45.【B】不要单独行动
杰科维茨说,与他人一起锻炼“可以让你约束自己,增添运动的乐趣,你因此更有可能会再次运动”你可以与他人一起做打高尔夫、打网球等运动,或者散步,而仍然做到保持社交距离。但是如果无法当面接触,就考虑利用技术手段吧。当你在社区周边散步的时候,可以和朋友电话聊天。当你在家进行力量训练或身体拉伸时,可以和亲戚视频。你也可以参加直播或点播的运动课程。
干扰项翻译
【D】与你的医生交谈
【G】完善你的常规锻炼