Read the following text and match each of the numbered items in the left column to its corresponding information in the right column. There are two extra choices in the right column. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)
Part B
Directions :
How Seriously Should Parents Take Kids’ Opinions When Searching for a Home?
In choosing a new home, Camille McClain's kids have a single demand: a backyard.
McClain's little ones aren't the only kids who have an opinion when it comes to housing, and in many cases, youngsters' views weigh heavily on parents' real estate decisions, according to a 2018 Harris Poll survey of more than 2,000 U.S. adults.
While more families buck an older-generation proclivity to leave kids in the dark about real estate decisions, realty agents and psychologists have mixed views about the financial, personal and long-term effects kids' opinions may have.
The idea of involving children in a big decision is a great idea because it can help them feel a sense of control and ownership in what can be an overwhelming process, said Ryan Hooper, a clinical psychologist in Chicago.
“ Children may face serious difficulties in coping with significant moves, especially if it removes them from their current school or support system,” he said.
Greg Jaroszewski, a real estate broker with Gagliardo Realty Associates, said he's not convinced that kids should be involved in selecting a home——but their opinions should be considered in regards to proximity to friends and social activities, if possible.
Younger children should feel like they're choosing their home without——actually getting a choice in the matter, said Adam Bailey, a real estate attorney based in New York.
Asking them questions about what they like about the backyard of a potential home will make them feel like they're being included in the decision-making process, Bailey said.
Many of the aspects of homebuying aren't a consideration for children, said Tracey Hampson, a real estate agent based in Santa Clarita, Calif. And placing too much emphasis on their opinions can ruin a fantastic home purchase.
“Speaking with your children before you make a real estate decision is wise, but I wouldn't base the purchasing decision solely on their opinions.” Hampson said.
The other issue is that many children——especially older ones——may base their real estate knowledge on HGTV shows, said Aaron Norris of The Norris Group in Riverside Calif.
“They love Chip and Joanna Gaines just as much as the rest of us,” he said.“HGTV has seriously changed how people view real estate. It's not shelter, it's a lifestyle. With that mindset change come some serious money consequences.
Kids tend to get stuck in the features and the immediate benefits to them personally, Norris said.
Parents need to remind their children that their needs and desires may change over time, said Julie Gurner, a real estate analyst with FitSmallBusiness.com.
“ Their opinions can change tomorrow," Gurner said. “ Harsh as it may be to say, that decision should likely not be made contingent on a child's opinions, but rather made for them with great consideration into what home can meet their needs best——and give them an opportunity to customize it a bit and make it their own.”
This advice is more relevant now than ever before, even as more parents want to embrace the ideas of their children, despite the current housing crunch.
【总体分析】：
来源：Chicago Tribune《芝加哥论坛报》2018.06.20。文章通过对比两大阵营对于“是否应高度重视孩子意见，让其参与购房决定”的看法道出作者倾向“应基于孩子的实际需求而非全凭孩子意见选房”。
【题目】：
- A .
remarks that significant moves may pose challenges to children.
谈到重大变动可能对孩子造成挑战。
- B .
says that it is wise to leave kids in the dark about real estate decisions.
称不向孩子透露关于房地产的决定是明智的。
- C .
advises that home purchases should not be based only on children's opinions.
建议购房不应仅仅基于孩子们的看法。
- D .
thinks that children should be given a sense of involvement in homebuying decisions.
认为应该给孩子们一种“参与房屋购买决定”的感觉。
- E .
notes that aspects like children's friends and social activities should be considered upon homebuying.
指出关于购房，应考虑到诸如孩子的朋友及社交活动等方面。
- F .
believes that homebuying decisions should be based on children's needs rather than their opinions.
相信购房决定应基于孩子们的需求而非他们的看法。
- G .
assumes that many children's views on real estate are influenced by the media.
认为许多孩子对房地产的观点都受媒体影响。
| (41) [A]. remarks that significant moves may pose challenges to children. 根据题干 Ryan Hooper 定位到第四、五段（said Ryan Hooper、“...” he said）。两段分别指出“让孩子参与重大决定是个很好的想法”以及“孩子们在应对重大变动时会面临严重困难”。【A】与第五段所述 Ryan Hooper 观点一致，选项复现关键词 significant moves； challenges 同义替换serious difficulties； pose...to...是face的反向表达（pose A to B=B face A）。 |
| (42) [D]. thinks that children should be given a sense of involvement in homebuying decisions. [A]. remarks that significant moves may pose challenges to children. 根据题干 Adam Bailey 定位到第七、八段（said Adam Bailey、Bailey said）。两段共同提出建议：应该给孩子一种“参与购房决定”的感觉（第七段概括提出建议，第八段具体说明应如何做）；D】是对 Adam Bailey 建议的概括，其中 home buying decisions 概括 choosing their home、decision-making process；a sense of 和 feel like 都强调“一种感觉”；involvement 与 being included in 同义。 |
| (43) [C]. advises that home purchases should not be based only on children's opinions. [A]. remarks that significant moves may pose challenges to children. 根据题干 Tracey Hampson定位到第九、十段（said Tracey Hampson、Hampson said）。两段共同指出：购房的许多方面孩子都考虑不到，过于注重他们的意见会错失购房良机；作购房决定前有必要和孩子聊聊，但不应仅基于其意见作决定。【C】与 Tracey Hampson 的观点相符，复现关键词 base...on；only与 solely 同义；home purchases 对应 purchasing decision；children's 与 their 同指。 |
| (44) [G]. assumes that many children's views on real estate are influenced by the media. [B]. says that it is wise to leave kids in the dark about real estate decisions. 根据题干 Aaron Norris定位到第十一至第十三段（said Aaron Norris、“...”he said、Norris said）。其中前两段指出问题：许多孩子就房地产的观点受到 HGTV 节目的巨大影响（即：在很大程度上脱离实际），这会带来财务上的严重的后果。可见【G】与 Aaron Norris 的观点一致，其中关键词 many children 复现；influenced 对应 base...on.../changed；the media（媒体）说明 HGTV 节目的性质。 |
| (45) [F]. believes that homebuying decisions should be based on children's needs rather than their opinions. [B]. says that it is wise to leave kids in the dark about real estate decisions. 根据题干 Julie Gurner 定位到第十四、十五段（said Julie Gurner、“...” Gurnersaid.“...”）。两段以因果逻辑阐释观点：孩子的需求随时在变，因此购房决定不应完全取决于孩子的意见，而应尽量满足他们的需求。【F】与此观点匹配，其中homebuving decisions 对应 that decision： be based on 与 be made contingent on 近义； rather than 和 not... but rather...都表取舎（not A but rather B=B rather than A）。 |
【全文翻译】：
挑选新家时，Camille McClain的孩子们只有一个要求：有个后院。
2018 年一项针对 2000多名美国成年人的哈里斯民意调查表明，McClain 的小宝贝们并不是唯一对住房有想法的孩子，而且在许多案例中，年轻人的观点对父母的房地产决定会有重大影响。
尽管更多的家庭在抗拒“不向孩子透露房地产方面决定”这种老一代人的倾向，但房地产经纪人和心理学家就“孩子的看法可能带来的财务、个人及长期影响”看法不一。
让孩子参与重大决定是一个很好的想法，因为这有助于让他们在可能令其不知所措的过程中体会到一种控制感和所有权，芝加哥临床心理学家Ryan Hooper 表示。
“孩子们在应对重大变动时，可能面临严重困难，特别是如果这一变动会使他们离开当前学校或支持体系（注：这里 support system 指朋友、社交活动等）时更是如此，”他说道。
Gagliardo Realty Associates 公司的房地产经纪人 Greg Jaroszewski说，他认为并不应该让孩子参与选家——但如若可能，应该在距离朋友及社交活动的远近方面考虑他们的意见。
年幼子女应该感到他们在选择自己的家——却无需真的在此事上进行选择，纽约的房地产律师Adam Bailey 说道。
问问他们喜欢潜在新家的后院的哪些方面，这会让他们感到自己在被纳入这一决策过程，Bailey说道。
购房的许多方面都不是孩子会考虑的问题，加州圣塔克拉利塔市的房地产经纪人 Tracey Hampson说道。过于重视他们的意见可能会毁掉一次极佳的购房机会。
“在作出房地产决定前和孩子们聊聊，这很明智，但我不会仅凭他们的意见就作出购买决定。”Hampson 说道。
另一个问题是，许多孩子——特别是年龄较大的孩子——的房地产知识可能是基于 HGTV（美国家园频道）的节目，加州河滨市诺里斯集团（The Norris Group）的 Aaron Norris 表示。
“就像我们其他人一样，他们喜欢奇普·盖恩斯和乔安娜·盖恩斯（夫妇），”他说。“HGTV 大大改变了人们对房地产的看法。它不是遮风避雨之处，而是一种生活方式。伴随这种思维模式转变而来的是一些财务上的严重后果。”
孩子们往往沉迷于（房子的）特色以及对他们个人的短期好处，Norris 称。
父母需要提醒孩子，他们的需求和渴望可能会随时间的推移而改变，FitSmallBusiness.com 的房地产分析师 Julie Gurner 表示。
“他们的主意可能明天就会改变，”Gurner说。“这样说也许有点刺耳，但这一决定或许不该取决于孩子的意见，而应在仔细斟酌'怎样的家才能最好地满足他们的需求’的基础上为他们作出——还应给他们提供机会，让他们能对其稍作修改，将其变成自己想要的样子。”
这条建议比以往任何时候都更有价值，（因为）当前恰是“虽逢住房供应紧张，但有更多父母仍想采纳孩子观点”之时。