Part B

Directions :

Read the following text and match each of the numbered items in the left column to its corresponding information in the right column. There are two extra choices in the right column.Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEERT. (10 points)


Emerging in the late Sixties and reaching a peak in the Seventies, Land Art was one of a range of new forms, including Body Art, Performance Art, Action Art and Installation Art, which pushed art beyond the traditional confines of the studio and gallery. Rather than portraying landscape, land artists used the physical substance of the land itself as their medium.

The British land art, typified by Richard Long's piece, was not only more domestically scaled, but a lot quirkier than its American counterpart. Indeed, while you might assume that an exhibition of Land Art would consist only of records of works rather than the works themselves, Long's photograph of his work is the work. Since hisactionis in the past, the photograph is its sole embodiment.

That might seem rather an obscure point, but it sets the tone for an exhibition that contains a lot of black-and-white photographs and relatively few natural objects.

Long is Britain's best-known Land Artist and his Stone Circle, a perfect ring of purplish rocks from Portishead beach laid out on the gallery floor, represents the elegant, rarefied side of the form. The Boyle Family, on the other hand, stand for its dirty, urban aspect. Comprising artists Mark Boyle and Joan Hills and their children, they recreated random sections of the British landscape on gallery walls. Their Olaf Street Study, a square of brick-strewn waste ground, is one of the few works here to embrace the commonplaceness that characterises most of our experience of the landscape most of the time.

Parks feature, particularly in the earlier works, such as John Hilliard's very funny Across the Park, in which a long-haired stroller is variously smiled at by a pretty girl and unwittingly assaulted in a sequence of images that turn out to be different parts of the same photograph.

Generally, however British land artists preferred to get away from towns, gravitating towards landscapes that are traditionally considered beautiful such as the Lake District or the Wiltshire Downs. While it probably wasn't apparent at the time, much of this work is permeated by a spirit of romantic escapism that the likes of Wordsworth would have readily understood. Derek Jarman's yellow-tinted film Towards Avebury, a collection of long, mostly still shots of the Wiltshire landscape, evokes a tradition of English landscape painting stretching from Samuel Palmer to Paul Nash.

In the case of Hamish Fulton, you can't help feeling that the Scottish artist has simply found a way of making his love of walking pay. A typical work, such as Seven Days, consists of a single beautiful black-and-white photograph taken on an epic walk, with the mileage and number of days taken listed beneath. British Land Art as shown in this well selected, but relatively modestly scaled exhibition wasn't about imposing on the landscape, more a kind of landscape-orientated light conceptual art created passing through. It had its origins in the great outdoors, but the results were as gallery-bound as the paintings of Turner and Constable.


【总体分析】:

来源:The Telegraph《电讯报》2013.05.20。本文以几位艺术家为例介绍了英国的地景艺术。

【题目】:

  1. A .

    originates from a long walk that the artist took.

    源于艺术家的一次远足。

  2. B .

    illustrates a kind of landscape-orientated light conceptual art.

    阐明了一种以风景为导向的光概念艺术。

  3. C .

    reminds people of the English landscape painting tradition.

    使人们想起了英国风景绘画传统。

  4. D .

    represents the elegance of the British land art.

    代表了英国地景艺术优雅的一面。

  5. E .

    depicts the ordinary side of the British land art.

    描绘了英国地景艺术日常生活的一面。

  6. F .

    embodies a romantic escape into the Scottish outdoors.

    体现了向苏格兰户外生活的一种浪漫逃离。

  7. G .

    contains images from different parts of the same photograph.

    包含同一张照片里不同的场景。

41. Stone Circle

(41) [D]. represents the elegance of the British land art.

根据题干 Stone Circle 定位至第四段,该段首句评价道:石环》代表了地景艺术优雅而珍稀的一面(represents the elegant,rarefied side of the form);【D】与该评价一致。

42. Olaf Street Study

(42) [E]. depicts the ordinary side of the British land art.

根据题干 Olaf Street Study 定位至第四段,该段末句评价道:《奥拉夫街研究》是少有的反映世俗的作品,描绘了大多数时候我们对景观的体验(thecommonplaceness that characterises most of our experience... most of the time);【E】中 the ordinary side(日常生活的一面)意义近似末句,与该句对 Olaf Street Study 的评价一致。

43. Across the Park

(43) [G]. contains images from different parts of the same photograph.

根据题干 Across the Park定位至第五段,该段独句成段,介绍了《漫步公园》这部作品:女孩对流浪者报以微笑,但在一系列影像中却遭到攻击,结果这些影像竟是同一张照片的不同组成部分(images that turn out to be different parts of the same photograph);【G】复现关键词 different parts of the same photograph,与该段对 Across the Park 的描述一致。

44. Towards Avebury

(44) [C]. reminds people of the English landscape painting tradition.

根据题干 Towards Avebury 定位至第六段,该段末句指出《朝向埃夫伯里》唤起了英国风景绘画传统(Towards Avebury...evokes a tradition of English landscape painting);【C】复现关键词 English landscape painting /tradition,将 evokes 同义替换为 reminds people of,与末句对Towards Averbury 的评价一致。

45. Seven Days

(45) [A]. originates from a long walk that the artist took.

根据题干 Seven Days 定位至第七段。该段第二句表明:《七天》是作者在一次散步中完成的(Seven Days, consists of a single ... photograph taken on an epic walk);【A】originates from a long walk与该句对 Seven Days 的描述一致。

【全文翻译】:

兴起于 60 年代末并于 70 年代达到巅峰,地景艺术是一系列新型艺术之一,这些新型艺术还包括人体艺术、表演艺术、行为艺术以及装置艺术,它们使得艺术超越了传统画室和画廊的局限。地景艺术家并非是描绘风景,而是利用大地本身的实物作为创作媒介。

以理查德·朗的作品为代表的英国地景艺术,不仅比美国地景艺术在国内更具规模,而且也更古怪离奇。事实上,你或许认为一个地景艺术展览只包括作品的种种记录而非作品本身,但朗那些记录其工作的照片就是其作品。因为他的“行为”发生在过去,而照片则是这种行为的唯一体现。

这看起来或许是个相当晦涩难懂的观点,但它定下了展览的基调,其展品包含许多黑白照片和相对少量的自然物体。

朗是英国最负盛名的地景艺术家,其作品《石环》是用来自波蒂斯黑德海滩的略带紫色的石头在画廊的地板上围成一个精美的环状,它代表了地景这一艺术形式优雅、珍稀的一面。另一方面,博伊尔家族则代表了其脏乱、市井化的一面。博伊尔家族包括艺术家马克·博伊尔、琼·希尔斯和他们的孩子,他们在画廊墙壁上重塑了一片片随意的英国风景。他们的《奥拉夫街研究》是一片砖块散落的垃圾场,描绘了大多数时候我们对景观的大致体验,是少有的反映世俗的作品之一。

公园也发挥着重要作用,尤其是在早期作品中,例如约翰·希利亚德非常有趣的《漫步公园》,描绘了一个长发流浪者不时地被一个漂亮女孩报以微笑,而在一系列图像中被不知不觉地被攻击,结果这些图像竟是同一张照片的不同组成部分。

但通常英国地景艺术家更喜欢远离城镇,倾向于那些传统意义上被认为是美景的地域,如湖区或者威尔特郡丘陵区域。当时或许并不明显,但这些作品大多数都弥漫着浪漫主义避世精神——像华兹华斯这样的人应该很容易理解这种精神。德里克·贾曼的泛黄的电影《朝向埃夫伯里》,是有关威尔特郡风景的一组长的、且大都是静态的照片合集,该影片唤起了从塞缪尔。帕尔默到保罗·纳什的英国风景绘画传统。

谈到哈米什·富尔顿,你不禁会感叹,这个苏格兰艺术家只是找到了一种回馈他对步行的热爱的方式。像《七天》这样经典的作品,就是在一次漫长的跋涉中拍摄的一幅绝美的黑白照片,照片下方列出了行走里程和天数。这场精心挑选、规模相对适中的展览所展现出的英国地景艺术并非是对风景施加影响,而更多的是在经过风景时所创作的以风景为导向的光概念艺术。它起源于辽阔的室外,但其最终结果亦如特纳和康斯坦布尔的画作一样只能摆在画廊展览。

【A】源于艺术家的一次远足。

41. 《石环》

【B】阐明了一种以风景为导向的光概念艺术。

42. 《奥拉夫街研究》

【C】使人们想起了英国风景绘画传统。

43. 《漫步公园》

【D】代表了英国地景艺术优雅的一面。

44. 《朝向埃夫伯里》

【E】描绘了英国地景艺术日常生活的一面。

45.《七天》

【F】体现了向苏格兰户外生活的一种浪漫逃离。

【G】包含同一张照片里不同的场景。